Table 1 Comparison of patient characteristics, procedural and outcome parameters in young female and male acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing MT (all given percentages include missing values)
Female patients | Male patients | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 103 | 99 | |
Age, y, mean ± SD (min–max) | 39 ± 8 (14–49) | 43 ± 7 (19–49) | < 0.001 |
NIHSS score at admission, median (IQ range) | 12 (7–18) | 9 (4–16) | 0.065 |
Bridging IVT, n (%) | 53/102 (52%) | 39/95 (41%) | 0.125 |
Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 36/102 (35%) | 49/97 (51%) | 0.030 |
Current smoker, n (%) | 38/93 (41%) | 51/93 (55%) | 0.056 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 5/92 (5%) | 14/81 (17%) | 0.013 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 36/98 (37%) | 36/86 (42%) | 0.477 |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 6/102 (6%) | 3/97 (3%) | 0.344 |
Substance abuse (e.g. cocaine), n (%) | 1/102 (1%) | 8/99 (8%) | 0.015 |
Oral contraception use, n (%) | 11/72 (15%) | N/A | N/A |
Thombophilia, inherited or acquired, n (%) | 16/100 (16%) | 5/95 (5%) | 0.016 |
Occlusion site, n (%) | |||
MCA | 59/102 (58%) | 41/98 (42%) | 0.037 |
ICA | 15/102 (14.5%) | 10/98 (10%) | |
VA | 1/102 (1%) | 5/98 (5%) | |
BA | 5/102 (5%) | 14/98 (14%) | |
PCA | 2/102 (2%) | 2/98 (2%) | |
Multiple vessel occlusion | 20/102 (19.5%) | 26/98 (27%) | |
Posterior circulation occlusion, n (%) | 9/102 (9%) | 28/98 (29%) | < 0.001 |
Etiology, n (%) | |||
Cardioembolic | 10/103 (10%) | 10/99 (10%) | 0.001 |
LAA (≥ 50% stenosis) | 9/103 (9%) | 32/99 (32%) | |
Arterial dissection | 17/103 (16%) | 19/99 (19%) | |
Paradoxical embolism due to PFO | 14/103 (13.5%) | 7/99 (7%) | |
Other determined etiology | 13/103 (12.5%) | 6/99 (6%) | |
Undetermined etiology (ESUS) | 38/103 (37%) | 22/99 (22%) | |
Two or more determined etiologies | 2/103 (2%) | 3/99 (3%) | |
Duration of DSA for MT procedure, minutes, median (IQ range) | 39 (20–66) | 42 (25–66) | 0.406 |
Complete reperfusion, TICI 3, n (%) | 71/102 (70%) | 82/97 (85%) | 0.006 |
NIHSS score at 24 h, median (IQ range) | 5 (1–12) | 4 (1–11) | 0.540 |
Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, n (%) | 7/103 (7%) | 3/99 (3%) | 0.243 |
Hemicraniectomy, n (%) | 11/103 (11%) | 5/99 (5%) | 0.072 |
NIHSS score at discharge, median (IQR range) | 2 (0–7) | 2 (0–5) | 0.640 |
In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 5/103 (5%) | 2/99 (2%) | 0.271 |
Antithrombotic medication at discharge, n (%) | |||
Antiplatelet | 73/98 (74%) | 79/97 (81%) | 0.262 |
Oral Anticoagulation | 23/98 (23%) | 13/97 (13%) | |
Both | 1/98 (1%) | 1/97 (1%) | |