Autoimmune encephalitis in children and adolescents

Table 4 First-line and second-line therapy in autoimmune encephalitides according to [24]

First line
Corticosteroids	No details on doses or durations given
Plasma exchange
Intravenous immunoglobulins
Second line (if first line did not work within 10 days^a)
Rituximab	4 × 375 mg/m² i.v., weekly administration
Cyclophosphamide^b	750 mg/m² i.v. per month

^aThis has been said for anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In other, less severe forms of autoimmune encephalitis, one may wait longer before one moves on to second-line therapy. ^bIn pediatric patients, cyclophosphamide is less frequently used compared to rituximab