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Table 2 Adjustment of vascular risk factors over time and comparison of study groups; n = 513

From: Successful implementation of best medical treatment for patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis within a randomized controlled trial (SPACE-2)

  CEA CAS BMT total p1 p2
Systolic BP D0 (median [IQR])□ 147 (131; 160) 145 (130; 162) 150 (133; 160) 146 (130; 160) 0.7317◊  
Diastolic BP D0 (median [IQR])□ 80 (72; 88) 80 (74; 90) 80 (75; 89) 80 (73; 89) 0.5734◊  
Systolic BP D30 (median [IQR]) 142 (131; 160) 140 (130; 154) 141 (130; 160) 142 (130; 160) 0.2178◊ 0.0005⌂*
Diastolic BP D30 (median [IQR]) 80 (71; 85) 80 (71; 87) 80 (70; 89) 80 (71; 86) 0.9233◊ 0.0160⌂*
Systolic BP M6 (median [IQR]) 144.5 (130; 158) 140 (130; 159) 140 (128; 160) 141 (130; 159) 0.6510◊  < 0.0001⌂*
Diastolic BP M6 (median [IQR]) 80 (70; 87) 80 (74; 86) 80 (72; 86) 80 (72; 86) 0.4862◊ 0.0035⌂*
Systolic BP A1 (median [IQR]) 142.5 (130; 158) 140 (130; 156) 140 (130; 150) 140 (130; 157) 0.6320◊  < 0.0001⌂*
Diastolic BP A1 (median [IQR]) 80 (70.5; 85) 80 (72; 85) 80 (70; 85) 80 (71; 85) 0.8059◊ 0.0001⌂*
Blood glucose (median [IQR]) D0□ 103.5 (92; 121) 104 (93; 125) 104 (92; 119) 104 (92.5; 122) 0.8918◊  
Blood glucose (median [IQR]) D30 110.5 (95; 131) 105 (95; 125) 101 (92; 121) 107 (94; 125) 0.2776◊ 0.1054⌂
Blood glucose (median [IQR]) M6 108 (96; 125) 103 (94; 126) 101 (92.5; 123) 104 (94; 125) 0.3761◊ 0.8950⌂
Blood glucose (median [IQR]) A1 105 (93; 124) 105 (93; 124) 105.5 (96.5; 127) 105 (94; 124.5) 0.6192◊ 0.2191⌂
HbA1c (in %; median [IQR]) D0□ 6 (5.7; 6.45) 6 (5.7; 6.6) 5.9 (5.55; 6.75) 6 (5.7; 6.5) 0.5940◊  
HbA1c (in %; median [IQR]) D30 5.9 (5.6; 6.4) 5.9 (5.6; 6.4) 5.9 (5.5; 6.6) 5.9 (5.6; 6.4) 0.7903◊ 0.0025⌂*
HbA1c (in %; median [IQR]) M6 6.1 (5.7; 6.6) 6.0 (5.7; 6.4) 5.9 (5.5; 6.7) 6.0 (5.7; 6.5) 0.4636◊ 0.7925⌂
HbA1c (in %; median [IQR]) A1 6.0 (5.5; 6.5) 5.9 (5.7; 6.5) 6.0 (5.5; 6.7) 6.0 (5.6; 6.5) 0.9039◊ 0.5419⌂
Cholesterol (median [IQR]) D0□ 181 (153; 209) 173.5 (152; 200) 169.5 (146.5; 192.5) 174 (151; 203) 0.2619◊  
Cholesterol (median [IQR]) D30 175 (149; 207) 168 (150.5; 193.5) 159 (142; 191) 168.5 (148; 196) 0.0744◊ 0.0025⌂*
Cholesterol (median [IQR]) M6 176 (149; 199) 170 (150; 194) 161 (143; 175) 168 (147; 194) 0.0056◊* 0.0091⌂*
Cholesterol (median [IQR]) A1 174 (150; 202) 167 (143; 198) 164 (140; 184) 167 (146; 194) 0.0385◊* 0.0017⌂*
LDL-Cholesterol (median [IQR]) D0□ 105 (81; 130) 98.5 (80; 126) 97 (80; 117) 99 (80; 123.5) 0.3559◊  
LDL-Cholesterol (median [IQR]) D30 98 (78; 125) 91 (76; 114) 88 (72; 106) 91 (76; 116) 0.0985◊ 0.0001⌂*
LDL-Cholesterol (median [IQR]) M6 98 (75; 119) 95 (80; 115) 87 (72; 103) 92 (75; 113) 0.0286◊* 0.0006⌂*
LDL-Cholesterol (median [IQR]) A1 98 (78; 118) 93 (72; 116) 87 (69; 108) 93 (73; 116) 0.1164◊ 0.0001⌂*
HDL-Cholesterol (median [IQR]) D0□ 48 (40; 62) 49 (40; 56.5) 49 (41.5; 57.5) 49 (41; 58) 0.8799◊  
HDL-Cholesterol (median [IQR]) D30 50 (40; 60) 48 (40; 60) 50 (41; 59) 49 (41; 60) 0.6703◊ 0.8535⌂
HDL-Cholesterol (median [IQR]) M6 49 (40; 60) 49 (41; 60) 48 (41; 56) 49 (41; 59) 0.8393◊ 0.6249⌂
HDL-Cholesterol (median [IQR]) A1 48 (41; 59.5) 49 (40; 58.5) 49.5 (41.5; 60) 49 (41; 59.5) 0.9204◊ 0.0592⌂
Triglycerides (median [IQR]) D0□ 131 (98; 182.5) 128.5 (92; 184) 120 (91; 181) 126.5 (94; 182) 0.6626◊  
Triglycerides (median [IQR]) D30 121 (92, 207) 114 (87; 174) 121 (87; 181) 119 (88; 181) 0.5671◊ 0.0893⌂
Triglycerides (median [IQR]) M6 133.5 (94; 192) 124 (90; 164) 107 (78; 143) 122.5 (89; 173.5) 0.0123◊* 0.0581⌂
Triglycerides (median [IQR]) A1 136 (97; 192) 112.5 (88; 182) 132 (91; 173) 127 (91; 183) 0.0920◊ 0.5763⌂
BMI D0 (median [IQR])□ 27 (25; 30) 27 (25; 30) 27 (24; 29) 27 (25; 30) 0.3567◊  
BMI D30 (median [IQR]) 27 (25; 30) 27 (25; 30) 26.5 (24; 29) 27 (25; 30) 0.1906◊ 0.0001⌂*
BMI M6 (median [IQR]) 27 (25; 30) 27.5 (25; 30) 27 (24; 29) 27 (25; 30) 0.2135◊ 0.3891⌂
BMI A1 (median [IQR]) 27 (25; 29.5) 27 (25; 30) 26 (24; 30) 27 (25; 30) 0.5458◊ 0.1201⌂
WHR D0 (median [IQR]) 0.97 (0.93; 1.02) 0.98 (0.94; 1.04) 0.99 (0.95; 1.03) 0.98 (0.94; 1.03) 0.1514◊  
WHR D30 (median [IQR]) 0.98 (0.93; 1.03) 0.98 (0.94; 1.03) 0.99 (0.93; 1.03) 0.98 (0.93; 1.03) 0.7593◊ 0.8432⌂
WHR M6 (median [IQR]) 0.98 (0.95; 1.02) 0.97 (0.93; 1.02) 1.00 (0.94; 1.03) 0.98 (0.94; 1.02) 0.2148◊ 0.3083⌂
WHR A1 (median [IQR]) 0.99 (0.95; 1.02) 0.98 (0.92; 1.03) 0.99 (0.94; 1.03) 0.98 (0.94; 1.02) 0.6700◊ 0.7363⌂
Physical activity > 30 min/week D30 (% [n])
 None 24.9% (46) 26.2% (45) 11.4% (12) 22.3% (103) 0.024 ⌐*  
 1–2 times 22.7% (42) 24.4% (42) 21.9% (23) 23.2% (107)   
 3 times or more 52.4% (97) 49.4% (85) 66.7% (70) 54.5% (252)   
Physical activity > 30 min/week M6 (% [n])
 None 20.2% (36) 25.6% (44) 17.1% (18) 21.5% (98) 0.267⌐  
 1–2 times 25.8% (46) 19.8% (34) 20.0% (21) 22.2% (101)   
 3 times or more 53.9% (96) 54.7% (94) 62.9% (66) 56.3% (256)   
Physical activity > 30 min/week A1 (% [n])
 None 19.8% (34) 23.2% (39) 16.8% (17) 20.4% (90) 0.069⌐  
 1–2 times 33.1% (57) 21.4% (36) 22.8% (23) 26.3% (116)   
 3 times or more 47.1% (81) 55.4% (93) 60.4% (61) 53.3% (235)   
Implementation of RFM at D30 (% [n]) 74.4% (131) 63.9% (108) 68.0% (70) 69.0% (309) 0.104⌐  
Implementation of RFM at M6 (% [n]) 67.8% (116) 53.7% (88) 76.0% (79) 64.5% (283)  < 0.001*  
Implementation of RFM at A1 (% [n]) 64.7% (110) 60.8% (101) 76.8% (76) 66.0% (287) 0.027⌐*  
  1. BP: Blood pressure; BMI: Body mass index; WHR: Waist-hip ratio; all parameters of lipid metabolism and glucose in mg/dl; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; RFM: Risk factor modification
  2. *Significant
  3. ⌐Chi2-Test
  4. ◊Kruskal–Wallis test
  5. ⌂Wilcoxon signed-rank test
  6. □Already published [23]; D30: Visit 30 days after screening visit; M6: Visit 6 months after screening visit; A1: Visit one year after screening visit
  7. 1testing CEA vs. CAS vs. BMT
  8. 2testing total value D30/M6/A1 vs. screening visit
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Neurological Research and Practice

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