Table 1 Clinical characteristics, SE severities, and SE patient outcomes for the first and second episode
From: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with recurrent status epilepticus episodes
First SE episode | Second SE episode | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 80 | n = 80 | |||
Clinical characteristic | ||||
Age | Mean ± SD in years | 62.2 ± 19.2 | 63.3 ± 19.0 | n.t. |
Sex | Female/male | 38/42 | 38/42 | n.t. |
Previous history of seizures | n | 55 (68.7%) | 80 (100%) | n.t. |
Comorbidities (CCI) | 0.612 | |||
None (score 0) | n | 17 (21.3%) | 17 (21.3%) | |
Low–moderate (score 1–4) | n | 49 (61.2%) | 51 (63.7%) | |
Multiple (score ≥ 5) | n | 14 (17.5%) | 12 (15.0%) | |
mRS before SE onset | 0.004 | |||
Score 0–2 | n | 36 (45.0%) | 28 (35.0%) | |
Score 3–5 | n | 44 (55.0%) | 52 (65.0%) | |
Etiology of SE | n.t. | |||
Acute symptomatic | n | 7 (8.8%) | 9 (11.3%) | |
Remote symptomatic | n | 39 (48.8%) | 60 (75.0%) | |
Symptomatic within new onset | n | 22 (27.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
Progressive symptomatic | n | 5 (6.3%) | 4 (5.0%) | |
Other | n | 5 (6.3%) | 2 (2.5%) | |
Unknown | n | 2 (2.5%) | 5 (6.3%) | |
Semiology of SE | n.t. | |||
Tonic–clonic SE | n | 34 (42.5%) | 29 (36.3%) | |
Myoclonic SE | n | 20 (25.0%) | 22 (27.5%) | |
Dyscognitive focal SE | n | 15 (18.7%) | 24 (30.0%) | |
Absence SE | n | 1 (1.3%) | 2 (2.5%) | |
Other or not classifiable | n | 10 (12.5%) | 3 (3.7%) | |
Diagnostics | n.t. | |||
cMRI | n | 27 (33.8%) | 20 (25.0%) | |
cCT | n | 71 (88.8%) | 63 (78.8%) | |
EEG | n | 76 (95.0%) | 74 (92.5%) | |
Severity of SE episodes | ||||
STESS at admission | 0.018 | |||
Score 0–3 | n | 59 (73.8%) | 65 (81.3%) | |
Score 4–6 | n | 21 (26.2%) | 15 (18.7%) | |
SE refractoriness | 0.151 | |||
NRSE | n | 40 (50%) | 30 (37.5%) | |
RSE | n | 35 (43.7%) | 43 (53.7%) | |
SRSE | n | 5 (6.3%) | 7 (8.7%) | |
Intensive care unit | ||||
Patients treated in ICU | n | 70 (87.5%) | 67 (83.8%) | |
Length of stay (ICU) | mean ± SD in days | 10.4 ± 14.3 | 13.2 ± 15.8 | 0.443 |
Intubation | n.t. | |||
In context of SE treatment | n | 10 (12.5%) | 9 (11.3%) | |
In context of airway management | n | 9 (11.3%) | 4 (5.0%) | |
Tracheostomy | n | 5 (6.3%) | 6 (7.5%) | |
Outcome of SE episodes | ||||
Total length of hospital stay | mean ± SD in days | 16.0 ± 14.9 | 15.6 ± 15.5 | 0.843 |
mRS at discharge | 0.025 | |||
Score 0–2 | n | 25 (31.3%) | 18 (22.5%) | |
Score 3–5 | n | 55 (68.7%) | 53 (66.2%) | |
Score 6 (death) | n | – | 9 (11.3%) | |
Discharge destination | n.t. | |||
Home | n | 38 (47.5%) | 31 (38.8%) | |
Rehabilitation | n | 20 (25.0%) | 16 (20.0%) | |
Other hospital | n | 3 (3.8%) | 3 (3.8%) | |
Care facility | n | 18 (22.5%) | 20 (25.0%) | |
Other | n | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (1.3%) | |
Death | n | 0 (0%) | 9 (11.3%) | |