Table 5 Predictors for a favorable outcome at discharge assessed by dichotomized mRS (mRS = 0 or 1 versus greater than or equal to 2) (N = 1141)

Age

68.5 ± 14.0

77.3 ± 11.9

U = 205,118.500, Z = 10.496, p < 0.001^c

Sex-female

167/406 (41.1%)

360/735 (49.0%)

6.479/0.011^a

Aetiology of stroke

LAAS

61 (15.1%)

105 (14.4%)

16.258/0.006^a

CES

88 (21.7%)

226 (31.0%)

SVD

92 (22.7%)

146 (20.0%)

Other

3 (0.7%)

1 (0.1%)

Cryptogenic stroke

94 (23.2%)

127 (17.4%)

ESUS

67 (16.5%)

124 (17.0%)

Event to door time

≤ 2 h

248/406 (61.1%)

379/735 (51.6%)

9.573/0.002^a

Door to needle time

46.6 ± 31.2 min

47.5 ± 25.6 min

U = 158,605.000, Z = 1.989, p = 0.047^c

(Median 38)

(Median 42)

Severity indices on admission

Modified Rankin Scale on admission

2.6 ± 0.9

3.5 ± 1.0

U = 218,918.500, Z = 13.849, p < 0.001^c

Median: 3

Median: 3

Modified Rankin Scale on admission

Score 0: 4 (1.0%)

Score 0: 0 (0%)

199.712/< 0.001^a

Score 1: 17 (4.2%)

Score 1: 1 (0.1%)

Score 2: 159 (39.3%)

Score 2: 102 (13.9%)

Score 3: 178 (44.0%)

Score 3: 298 (40.5%)

Score 4: 34 (8.4%)

Score 4: 196 (26.7%)

Score 5: 13 (3.2%)

Score 5: 138 (18.8%)

NIHSS on admission

4.6 ± 3.8

8.4 ± 6.1

U = 215,598.000, Z = 12.602, p < 0.001^c

Median: 4

Median: 6

NIHSS after 24 h

1.3 ± 2.0

6.5 ± 6.3

U = 237,571.000, Z = 19.497, p < 0.001^c

Median: 1

Median: 4

Risk factors

Hypertension

344/406 (84.7%)

689/735 (93.7%)

24.789/< 0.001^a

Systolic blood pressure on admission

162.8 ± 25.2 mm Hg

165.2 ± 28.8 mm Hg

U = 148,646.000, Z = 1.318, p = 0.187^c

Diastolic blood pressure on admission

89.9 ± 14.6 mm Hg

88.7 ± 16.8 mm Hg

U = 133,361.500, Z = 1.663, p = 0.096^c

Diabetes mellitus

75/406 (18.5%)

198/735 (26.9%)

10.298/0.001^a

Blood glucose level on admission

130.8 ± 43.1 mg/dl

141.9 ± 56.6 mg/dl

U = 167,538.000, Z = 3.482, p < 0.001^c

HbA1c

41.2 ± 9.6 mmol/mol

43.7 ± 13.6 mmol/mol

U = 157,659.000, Z = 2.685, p = 0.007^c

Cholesterol level on admission

202.0 ± 49.2 mg/dl

195.6 ± 50.8 mg/dl

U = 132,558.000, Z = 2.206, p = 0.027^c

LDL level on admission

124.3 ± 44.8 mg/dl

124.3 ± 42.5 mg/dl

U = 134,583.000, Z = 1.536, p = 0.125^c

Statine therapy on admission

119/404 (29.5%)

223/730 (30.5%)

0.147/0.701^a

CRP level on admission

5.1 ± 12.7 mg/dl

11.1 ± 27.1 mg/dl

U = 175,232.500, Z = 4.929, p < 0.001^c

Atrial fibrillation

56/406 (13.8%)

203/735 (27.6%)

28.492/< 0.001^a

Former stroke

83/406 (20.4%)

192/735 (26.1%)

4.611/0.032^a

Antiaggregant therapy on admission

142/402 (35.3%)

314/730 (43.0%)

6.373/0.012^a

Complications

Intracerebral bleeding

12/406 (3.0%)

70/734 (9.5.%)

17.362/0.002^a

Seizure

4/406 (1.0%)

19/735 (2.6%)

3.389/0.066^a

Recurrent stroke/TIA within 72 h

0/406 (0%)

3/735 (0.4%)

0.010/0.920^a

Infection within 72 h

37/406 (9.1%)

233/735 (31.7%)

73.867/< 0.001^a

Delirium

5/406 (1.2%)

68/735 (9.3%)

28.091/< 0.001^a

Pre-stroke living situation

German level of care (0–5)

0: 197 (95.2%)

0: 209 (76.0%)

33.040/< 0.001^a

1: 1 (0.5%)

1: 6 (2.2%)

2: 4 (1.9%)

2: 35 (12.7%)

3: 4 (1.9%)

3: 18 (6.5%)

4: 1 (0.5%)

4: 7 (2.5%)

5: 0 (0%)

5: 0 (0%)