Table 6 Predictors for a poor outcome at discharge assessed by dichotomized mRS (mRS = 5 or 6 versus lower than or equal to 4) (N = 1141)

Age

73.2 ± 13.4

83.1 ± 8.4

U = 86,889.000, Z = 8.160, p < 0.001^c

Sex-female

460/1025 (44.9%)

67/116 (57.8%)

6.956/0.008^a

Aetiology of stroke

LAAS

145 (14.2%)

21 (18.9%)

31.765/< 0.001^a

CES

262 (25.6%)

52 (46.8%)

SVD

229 (22.4%)

9 (8.1%)

Other

4 (0.4%)

0 (0%)

Cryptogenic stroke

204 (19.9%)

17 (15.3%)

ESUS

179 (17.5%)

12 (10.8%)

Event to door time

≤ 2 h

574/1025 (56.0%)

53/116 (45.7%)

4.475/0.034^a

Door to needle time

46.7 ± 27.1 min

51.4 ± 32.4 min

U = 63,468.500, Z = 1.409, p = 0.159^c

(Median 40)

(Median 42)

Severity indices on admission

Modified Rankin Scale on admission

3.1 ± 0.9

4.3 ± 0.9

U = 96,140.000, Z = 11.496, p < 0.001^c

Median: 3

Median: 5

Modified Rankin Scale on admission

Score 0: 4 (0.4%)

Score 0: 0 (0%)

190.277/< 0.001^a

Score 1: 18 (1.8%)

Score 1: 0 (0%)

Score 2: 257 (25.1%)

Score 2: 4 (3.4%)

Score 3: 456 (44.5%)

Score 3: 20 (17.2%)

Score 4: 198 (19.3%)

Score 4: 32 (27.6%)

Score 5: 91 (8.9%)

Score 5: 60 (51.7%)

NIHSS on admission

6.3 ± 4.8

13.9 ± 7.6

U = 97,796.000, Z = 11.476, p < 0.001^c

Median: 5

Median: 14

NIHSS after 24 h

3.6 ± 4.2

16.3 ± 8.1

U = 83,353.000, Z = 13.521, p < 0.001^c

Median: 2

Median: 16

Risk factors

Hypertension

921/1025 (89.9%)

112/116 (96.6%)

5.456/0.020^a

Systolic blood pressure on admission

164.4 ± 27.2 mm Hg

163.8 ± 30.5 mm Hg

U = 54,982.000, Z = 0.299, p = 0.765^c

Diastolic blood pressure on admission

89.2 ± 15.7 mm Hg

88.4 ± 19.5 mm Hg

U = 52,006.000, Z = 1.224, p = 0.221^c

Diabetes mellitus

245/1025 (23.9%)

28/116 (24.1%)

0.003/0.955^a

Blood glucose level on admission

135.8 ± 47.4 mg/dl

156.4 ± 82.6 mg/dl

U = 67,353.500, Z = 2.369, p = 0.018^c

HbA1c

42.6 ± 12.2 mmol/mol

44.2 ± 14.6 mmol/mol

U = 54,029.000, Z = 0.160, p = 0.873^c

Cholesterol level on admission

198.5 ± 49.7 mg/dl

192.6 ± 55.4 mg/dl

U = 50,652.500, Z = 1.386, p = 0.166^c

LDL level on admission

126.2 ± 43.2 mg/dl

125.0 ± 44.9 mg/dl

U = 52,609.000, Z = 0.400, p = 0.689^c

Statine therapy on admission

313/1020 (30.7%)

29/114 (25.4%)

1.341/0.247^a

CRP level on admission

7.6 ± 19.3 mg/dl

21.3 ± 42.9 mg/dl

U = 77,073.500, Z = 5.262, p < 0.001^c

Atrial fibrillation

210/1025 (20.5%)

49/116 (42.2%)

28.103/< 0.001^a

Former stroke

242/1025 (23.6%)

33/116 (28.4%)

1.334/0.248^a

Antiaggregant therapy on admission

406/1017 (39.9%)

50/115 (43.5%)

0.543/0.461^a

Complications

Intracerebral bleeding

59/1025 (5.8%)

23/115 (20.0.%)

36.484/< 0.001^a

Seizure

14/1025 (1.4%)

9/116 (7.8%)

21.561/< 0.001^a

Recurrent stroke/TIA within 72 h

2/1025 (0.2%)

1/116 (0.9%)

1.768/0.184^a

Infection within 72 h

202/1025 (19.7%)

68/116 (58.6%)

87.354/< 0.001^a

Delirium

63/1025 (6.1%)

10/116 (8.6%)

1.065/0.302^a

Pre-stroke living situation

German level of care (0–5)

0: 400 (85.1%)

0: 6 (50.0%)

17.571/0.001^a

1: 7 (1.5%)

1: 0 (0%)

2: 37 (7.9%)

2: 2 (16.7%)

3: 19 (4.0%)

3: 3 (25.0%)

4: 7 (1.5%)

4: 1 (8.3%)

5: 0 (0%)

5: 0 (0%)